Bioink is a solution of a biomaterial or a mixture of several biomaterials in the hydrogel form, usually encapsulating living cells, and/or bioactive molecules. For bioprinting, bioinks are essential components, and are cross-linked or stabilized during or immediately after the bioprinting to create the final shapes of the intended tissue constructs.
The selection of appropriate bioink depends on the specific application and the type of cells as well as the bioprinter to be used. An ideal bioink should possess the desired physicochemical properties, such as cross-linking capability, mechanical, rheological, chemical, and biological characteristics.
